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Authors
Munigala, Satish
Coles, Christian L.
Mani, Vivitha
Banaag, Amanda
Miura, Sarah Selica
Schoenfeld, Andrew J.
Koehlmoos, Tracey Perez
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Defense
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Article History
Received: 7 October 2024
Accepted: 19 November 2025
First Online: 2 December 2025
Declarations
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: Due to the secondary analysis of existing, de-identified data, this study was deemed exempt from human subjects’ review by the Institutional Review Board of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. Because of these conditions, written consent to participate, including by parents or guardians for children under 18, is not applicable. Permission and conditions for use of these data were granted by the United States Defense Health Agency. As existing, deidentified data was used for this study Declaration of Helsinki is not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
