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Authors
Wagstaff, Jan A.
Bell, Janice F.
Induni, Marta
Simmons, Leigh Ann
Keeton, Victoria F.
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Article History
Received: 12 March 2025
Accepted: 19 November 2025
First Online: 26 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study uses publicly available, de-identified data and has been deemed exempt by the University of California Davis Institutional Review Board, in accordance with its Federalwide Assurance (FWA No: 00004557) with the United States Department of Health & Human Services Office of Human Research Protections and the International Conference on Harmonization, Good Clinical Practice principles (IRB ID: 2226163-1). Participants in the original California Health Interview Survey whose data was analyzed for this study acknowledged consent prior to their participation in the interview.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
