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Authors
Wang, Tianyu
Zhang, Lixiao
Chen, Pengfei
Chen, Chen
Xu, Lin
Guo, Ming
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The National Natural Science Foundation of China (82274345)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes Grant (No. ZZ13-YQ-016 and No. ZZ13-YQ-016-C1)
Research Project on Chronic Disease Prevention and Control Management Mode in Medical Institutions (YM2024ZD064)
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Article History
Received: 21 October 2025
Accepted: 25 November 2025
First Online: 7 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval for the UK Biobank was granted by the UK National Health Service’s National Research Ethics Service (reference 11/NW/0382). Our research was conducted using data from UK Biobank under application number 105474. All participants provided written informed consent prior to participation.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
