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Authors
Tohme, Rania A.
Shadaker, Shaun
Joldasova, Elizaveta
Khodiev, Aybek
Mirdjalilov, Dilafkor
Abdurakhimova, Zulfiya
Kurbanov, Botirjon
Khetsuriani, Nino
Karamatova, Shakhida
Musabaev, Erkin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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Article History
Received: 4 August 2025
Accepted: 10 December 2025
First Online: 23 January 2026
Declarations
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: The survey was carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations following the Declaration of Helsinki. This study was approved by the ethics committee of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan during the meeting on April 15, 2021 (No.2/11-1506). The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reviewed the study protocol and determined CDC’s role did not constitute human subjects’ research. All survey participants provided informed consent before data collection.
: not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
