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Authors
Liu, Qingqing
Zhang, Xiaohua
Li, Liang
Wang, Tianyun
Hu, Xiaoying
Huang, Pengyu
Cao, Yimei
Zhang, Yanan
Ge, Yan
Gao, Jing
Xie, Juan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Development of Key Disciplines in Public Health in Minhang District, Shanghai, China (MGWXK2023-10)
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Article History
Received: 22 September 2025
Accepted: 18 December 2025
First Online: 29 December 2025
Declarations
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: The study was undertaken in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from all study participants before the research. The studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Shanghai Fifth people’s Hospital (2024 Ethics Approval No. 178).
: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
