Daniyal, Muhammad
Alyami, Hanan
Alqahtani, Ali Jaber
Talha, Muhammad
Rahman, Abdur
Mutair, Abbas Al
Funding for this research was provided by:
Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project (PNURSP2025R386)
Article History
Received: 24 October 2025
Accepted: 30 December 2025
First Online: 10 January 2026
Declarations
:
: This study used publicly available, anonymized data from the World Bank.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Not Applicable.