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Authors
Mittal, Swati
Takahashi, Yoshimitsu
Sakamoto, Ryota
Nishikawa, Yoshitaka
Okada, Hiroshi
Mayumi, Toyama
Nakayama, Takeo
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Kyoto University Graduate Division
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Article History
Received: 23 April 2025
Accepted: 31 December 2025
First Online: 27 January 2026
Declarations
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: The study was done in accordance with the guidelines. The study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and University Hospital (approval number R3947, dated September 26, 2023). All participants provided electronic informed consent via SurveyMonkey before beginning the survey. The study included vulnerable sub-populations including recent immigrants and uninsured participants, who were protected through voluntary community-based recruitment, complete data anonymization, and secure data protocols with restricted access to authorized personnel only.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
