Document is current

Article History

Received: 2 September 2025

Accepted: 2 January 2026

First Online: 12 January 2026

Declarations

:

: This research involves secondary analysis of anonymized data from the Growing Up in Ireland study, which is publicly available and collected in accordance with the Statistics Act 1993. No direct contact with participants occurred, and no identifiable personal data were accessed. The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of Trinity College Dublin and the professional guidelines of the Sociological Association of Ireland (SAI).

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.