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Article History

Received: 9 September 2024

Accepted: 7 January 2026

First Online: 2 February 2026

Declarations

:

: The study was conducted after getting the approval of the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the National Research Centre and the Medical Research Ethics Committee of the National Research Centre with an ethical registration approval number of 09020. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection. For participants who were unable to write, a right thumbprint was used as a signature to take informed consent. This procedure has been approved by the above mentioned ethics committee. The study was fully voluntary. Participants were assured of the confidentiality and anonymity of their responses, and they were informed of their right to withdraw from the study at any time without any consequences. Data was de-identified and stored in a safe location. All methods were carried out following the declaration of Helsinki. The conduct of the study complied with the International Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects [ ]. The information disclosure for “Making sure patients understand” was guaranteed according to the recommendations of the Egyptian patients and guardians’ perception that clinical informed consent is the preferred purpose for Informed Consent practices [ ].

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.