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Authors
Saleha, Nurmukaromatis https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1528-4264
Widiasih, Restuning https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9851-1930
Pramukti, Iqbal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0645-0534
Dhamayanti, Meita https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9661-0708
Aprilatutini, Titin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of Padjadjaran
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Article History
Received: 21 November 2025
Accepted: 8 January 2026
First Online: 6 February 2026
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the Health Research Ethics Committee of Padjadjaran University (Registration Number: 2502050157; Number: 271/UN6.KEP/EC/2025). The study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all study participants after the purpose and benefits of the research were explained. Confidentiality and anonymity were thoroughly ensured, and no names or email addresses were obtained. The gathered data was used only for the purposes of the study.
: Participants provided written informed consent to participate in the study and to publish the results.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
