Lou, Xudan
Jiang, Bingxin
Huang, Yuxin
Qiu, Jieyuzhen
Jiang, Cuiping
Yu, Yongfu
Lu, Bin
Funding for this research was provided by:
Shanghai Municipal Health Commission Health Industry Clinical Research Special Project (202240258)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82370831)
Talent Plan of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission (2022XD020)
Article History
Received: 11 June 2025
Accepted: 22 January 2026
First Online: 5 February 2026
Declarations
:
: Ethical approval was obtained from the Northwest Multi-centre Research Ethics Committee (MREC) and the National Health Service (NHS) National Research Ethics Service on 17th June 2011 (Ref 11/NW/0382) and extended on the 10th May 2016 (Ref 16/NW/0274). All participants have written the informed consent before data collection.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.