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Authors
Yi, Da
Zhang, Qingqi
Li, Kangqian
Ma, Ai
Liu, Xiaoqian
Li, Yitong
Lian, Cheng
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the “Humanities and Social Sciences Fund of the Chinese Ministry of Education” (21YJAZH058)
the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (U2336213)
the major project of the Chinese Ministry of Education, National Education Sciences Planning Fund (No. DEA220353)
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Article History
Received: 27 November 2025
Accepted: 28 January 2026
First Online: 23 February 2026
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee for Non-Clinical Faculties, School of Psychology, South China Normal University (Approval No. SCNU-PSY-2022-356). Informed consent was obtained from all participants.Before completing the questionnaire, all participants and their guardians had read the informed consent form.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
