Muluvhu, Takalani Clearance https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5407-377X
Hashona, Tumisang Shadrack https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0083-5872
Toriola, Abel Lamina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8096-324X
Paul, Yvonne https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7737-2713
Monyeki, Makama Andries https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4156-8394
Article History
Received: 19 November 2025
Accepted: 2 February 2026
First Online: 6 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Faculty Committee for Research Ethics, Faculty of Science at Tshwane University of Technology on 7th May 2020 (R.E.C. Ref #: REC2020/09/006). Informed consent was obtained from all participants involved in the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.