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Authors
Bi, Shengxian
Chen, Yingchun
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (YCJJ20242412)
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Article History
Received: 2 September 2025
Accepted: 3 February 2026
First Online: 2 March 2026
Declarations
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: This study used data from CHARLS and was conducted following the ethical guidelines set forth in the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was granted by the Ethical Review Committee of Peking University (Approval No.: IRB00001052-11015). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants before their inclusion in the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
