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Authors
Ji, Jian
Gao, Xiaowen
Lei, Lingmin
Yang, Tiancan
Zhou, Aijie
Wang, Yafei
Chen, Lvyang
Cui, Qingpeng
Zhu, Yuanquan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The In-hospital Research Project of the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province. (2024SSYKT39)
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Article History
Received: 11 November 2025
Accepted: 9 February 2026
First Online: 23 February 2026
Declarations
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: This study received ethical approval from the Ethics Committee of Yunnan Third People’s Hospital (Approval No. 2025KY023). The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. As the research involved an anonymous questionnaire survey with minimal risk to participants, the ethics committee waived the requirement for a written signed consent form. Informed consent was obtained from all participants electronically; a detailed information sheet was presented on the first page of the online questionnaire, explaining the study’s purpose, procedures, and data confidentiality. Proceeding to and submitting the questionnaire was considered implied consent to participate. All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
