Tao, Zhenbo
Chen, Lingwei
Xu, Qianqian
Zhu, Yingying
Ding, Shige
Dong, Ying
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ningbo Public Welfare Science and Technology Program Project (2023S027)
Ningbo Public Welfare Science and Technology Program Project (2023S027)
Ningbo Public Welfare Science and Technology Program Project (2023S027)
Ningbo Public Welfare Science and Technology Program Project (2023S027)
Ningbo Public Welfare Science and Technology Program Project (2023S027)
Ningbo Public Welfare Science and Technology Program Project (2023S027)
the Zhejiang Science and Technology Plan for Disease Prevention and Control (2025JK262)
the Zhejiang Science and Technology Plan for Disease Prevention and Control (2025JK262)
the Zhejiang Science and Technology Plan for Disease Prevention and Control (2025JK262)
the Zhejiang Science and Technology Plan for Disease Prevention and Control (2025JK262)
the Zhejiang Science and Technology Plan for Disease Prevention and Control (2025JK262)
the Zhejiang Science and Technology Plan for Disease Prevention and Control (2025JK262)
the Medical Innovation Fund of the Joint Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Technology (10001202407)
Article History
Received: 16 November 2025
Accepted: 10 February 2026
First Online: 5 March 2026
Declarations
:
: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The research protocol received the approval from the Research Ethics Committee of the Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention (approval number: 202203), ensuring adherence to ethical standards in the conduct of this study.
: Not Applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.