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Authors
Agengo, Yvonne https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4392-6527
Mwamba, Gad
Mapatano, Jeremie
Fabbri, Camilla https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4692-9646
Cluver, Lucie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0418-835X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
International Rescue Committee (IRC) program in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
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Article History
Received: 9 November 2025
Accepted: 19 February 2026
First Online: 6 March 2026
Declarations
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: The study was designed and conducted in accordance with the UNICEF Ethical Research Involving Children compendium and in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration. The study was granted ethics approval by the University of Oxford’s Social Sciences and Humanities Interdivisional Research Ethics Committee (SSH IDREC) approval number R91930/RE001, and by the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) Ministry of Health Comité National d’Ethique de la Santé (CNES) , Direction Provinciale du Sud-Kivu approval number CNES001/DPSK/221PM/2024.Informed consent was obtained from all adult participants. For child participants, informed assent was obtained after parental consent was granted.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
