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Article History

Received: 22 September 2025

Accepted: 19 February 2026

First Online: 9 April 2026

Declarations

:

: All methods in this study were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Ethical approval for this secondary data analysis was obtained from the University of West London College of Nursing, Midwifery, and Healthcare Ethics Committee (Ref: No. 00748). This study is based on a secondary data analysis of the National Survey on Population and Family Health-Enquête Nationale sur la Population et la Santé Familiale, and informed consents were obtained from all participants by the Moroccan Ministry of Health. The latter granted permission for the use of the survey data after a formal request was submitted and authors had access to a fully anonymised dataset. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.

: Not applicable: the manuscript does not contain any individually identifiable personal data.

: The authors declare no competing interests.