Issufo, Sheila https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2836-1339
Mavume-Mangunyane, Elzier
Valverde, Emilio
Ndima, Sozinho
Chimoyi, Lucy
Penicela, Carlos
Andrade, Ivete
Berthilde, Uwimana
Botão, Carlos
Malate, Phath G.
Bruno, Carmen C.
Nhangave, Amâncio
Tasca, Bianca G.
Madden, Norma
Powers, Rachel
Mulder, Christiaan
Keller, Sara
Peregrino, Remilekun Roland
Spruijt, Ineke
Article History
Received: 4 September 2024
Accepted: 27 February 2026
First Online: 6 March 2026
Declarations
:
: The study obtained approval from multiple ethical review bodies, including the CERC-WHO (CERC.0134 − 18/05/2023), Institutional Bioethics Committee of the National Institute of Health in Mozambique (222/CIE-INS/2022-28/11/2022), and National Bioethics Committee of Mozambique (169/CNBS/2022- 09/03/2023). This study received additional approval from ANARME to authorize the importation and use of self-test device in research (48/380/ANARME /2023–11/05/2023). All participants provided written consent for participation in this study.
: The authors declare no competing interests.