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Article History

Received: 18 January 2026

Accepted: 2 March 2026

First Online: 6 March 2026

Declarations

:

: This study involved the secondary analysis of de-identified data, and there was no direct involvement of human participants. Therefore, it was exempted from review by the Institutional Review Board of Gangneung-Wonju National University (IRB No. GWNUIRU-R2025-34). All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.