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Authors
Song, Huan
Sun, Hui
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Social Science Fund of China
General Project of Philosophy and Social Science Research in Colleges and Universities of Jiangsu Province, China
Project of Humanities and Social Sciences of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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Article History
Received: 17 November 2025
Accepted: 3 March 2026
First Online: 9 March 2026
Declarations
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: The CHARLS was approved by the Peking University Biomedical Ethics Committee (Approval No.: IRB00001052-11015) and obtained the written informed consent of all participants. All the methods used in this study were conducted in accordance with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
