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Article History

Received: 28 November 2025

Accepted: 4 March 2026

First Online: 9 March 2026

Declarations

:

: The study was approved by the Committee on Human Research Publications and Ethics (CHRPE), School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, under the Declaration of Helsinki (assigned approval number: CHRPE/AP/1219/24). Given this, the study adhered to the protocols and the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. In line with this approval, all participants provided informed consent. After eligibility screening, those who met the inclusion criteria were approached, and the study’s objectives, benefits, confidentiality, and voluntary withdrawal were explained to them before consent was obtained. All eligible participants who agreed to take part signed or thumb-printed a written consent form. No personal identifiers were collected, and confidentiality was maintained through anonymisation. No adverse events were reported.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.