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Authors
Lee, Eunyoung https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7210-6160
Han, Gyumin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2099-4562
Jeong, Hyesun https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3769-9591
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
by RESEARCH FUND offered from Catholic University of Pusan
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Article History
Received: 2 December 2025
Accepted: 16 April 2026
First Online: 21 April 2026
Declarations
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: This study conducted a secondary data analysis using the 18th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBS). The KYRBS did not collect any personally identifiable information. All participants and their parents or legal guardians provided informed consent for participation in the KYRBS. This study was conducted after receiving exemption from review by the Public Institutional Review Board designated by the Ministry of Health and Welfare (approval number: P01-202401-01-039). All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations (declaration included in the ethical statement).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
