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Authors
Igissinova, Gulnur
Igissin, Nurbek
Yermek, Nariman
Kudaibergenova, Indira
Halimi, Aram
Telmanova, Zhansaya
Turebayev, Dulat
Dyakov, Sergey
Baibosynov, Daulet
Bilyalova, Zarina
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan (AP23484167)
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Article History
Received: 7 February 2026
Accepted: 21 April 2026
First Online: 2 May 2026
Declarations
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: This study relied solely on publicly available administrative records and involved no direct contact with participants; ethical approval was obtained from the Local Ethics Commission of the Central Asian Institute for Medical Research.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Not applicable.
