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Authors
Bibi, Bushra
Kibria, Zeeshan
Farooqi, Rubab
Rehman, Khalid
Goodall, Mark
Gul, Mirrat
Yadegarfar, Ghasem
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Article History
Received: 31 January 2026
Accepted: 30 April 2026
First Online: 23 May 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethical Board of Khyber Medical University (KMU) (Letter No. KMU/IPHSS/Ethics/2023/CM/0122). The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval to approach patients in health facilities was granted by the Provincial Tuberculosis Control Programme. Formal permission letters from Khyber Medical University and the Provincial TB Programme were provided to the in-charge TB centres prior to data collection. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants after they were provided with a participant information sheet detailing the study objectives, procedures, potential risks, and benefits.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
