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Authors
Song, Huihui
Coombes, Emma
Kaloudis, Harris
Barr, Benjamin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR135517)
National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR135517)
National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR135517)
National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR135517)
National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care North West Coast (NIHR200182)
UK Research and Innovation (ES/Z503022/1)
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Article History
Received: 15 October 2025
Accepted: 4 May 2026
First Online: 11 May 2026
Declarations
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: The study used anonymised secondary administrative data and did not involve any personal data. Individual-level informed consent was therefore not required for the data used in this study. The study protocol was approved by the University of Liverpool Central Ethics Committee (ref: 12926).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
