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Authors
Fraser, Katherine Tomaino
Sullivan, Jacquelyn
Toppenberg, Lauren
Masseo, Patrick
Tsega, Adey
Prokopow, Laurel
Willingham, Craig
Cohen, Nevin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
1199SEIU Benefit Funds
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Article History
Received: 28 January 2026
Accepted: 5 May 2026
First Online: 19 May 2026
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the City University of New York Institutional Review Board (Protocol #2022 − 0818). Quantitative administrative data were de-identified and managed by the 1199SEIU Benefit Funds in accordance with HIPAA requirements prior to analysis. Written informed consent was obtained from all focus group participants, and all data were securely stored and accessed only by authorized research personnel.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
