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Authors
Abdelhafez, Aya M.
Mohamed, Heba M.
Ismail, Alaa El-Din Mahmoud
Abdel-Kawi, A. F.
Touni, Mohammed Ibrahim https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9501-8398
Ahmed, Ghada Hassan
Badia, Treza S.
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Article History
Received: 1 March 2026
Accepted: 7 May 2026
First Online: 18 May 2026
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the Scientific Research Ethics Committee, Faculty of Nursing, Assiut University (Approval No. 1120240760). Every participant gave their informed consent to the study. For participants who were unable to provide informed consent due to illiteracy, consent was obtained from their legally authorized representatives in accordance with established ethical standards. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
