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Authors
Hagag, Rana Abdelmohsen
Gewaifel, Gihan Ismail
Ibrahim, Soha Abd Ellatif
Emara, Rana Hassan
Ali, Hend Mostafa Ali
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Alexandria University
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Article History
Received: 25 February 2026
Accepted: 19 May 2026
First Online: 3 June 2026
Declarations
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: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The Institutional Review Board of the Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, approved the study (IRB No. 00012098). Informed written consent was obtained from participants and data was collected anonymously to ensure confidentiality. Voluntary participation was ensured.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
