Nshimayesu, Michee https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8127-0421
Alayande, Barnabas Tobi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1326-6452
Ishimwe, Marie Consolatrice Sage https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9928-5891
Uwimana, Aimable https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6453-3760
Niyiragira, Charif
Tambo, Ernest
Roy, Nobhojit https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2022-7416
Funding for this research was provided by:
UGHE, Dean's Research Grant 2024 (#00245 to MN)
Article History
Received: 20 January 2026
Accepted: 20 May 2026
First Online: 2 June 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the University of Global Health Equity (UGHE) Institutional Review Board on 9 April 2024 (Reference No. UGHE-IRB/2024/240). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection. For participants who were unable to read and/or write, the informed consent process was conducted in the presence of a legally authorized representative (LAR), and consent was obtained through the participant’s legal guardian or LAR in accordance with approved ethical procedures. Participants also provided consent to be audio-recorded during interviews and discussions. All study procedures were conducted in accordance with relevant ethical guidelines and regulations, including the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.