Lee, J. Austin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0252-3716
Rodriguez, Isabella
Ochola, Eric
Ngila, Beatrice
Kinuthia, John
Waweru, Harriet
Sugut, Janet
Munene, Peter
Pirirei, Sankei
Ojuka, Daniel K.
Hippen, Victoria E.
Maaty, Doha
Loevinsohn, Gideon
Mello, Michael J.
Aluisio, Adam R.
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fogarty International Center (D43TW009580)
Providence/Boston Center for AIDS Research (P30AI042853)
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (K23AI145411)
Article History
Received: 11 February 2026
Accepted: 28 May 2026
First Online: 12 June 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was approved by the University of Nairobi Ethics and Research Committee and the Institutional Review Board of Brown University Health, in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.