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Article History

Received: 27 March 2026

Accepted: 3 June 2026

First Online: 6 June 2026

Declarations

:

: The design of this study adheres to the guiding principles and provisions of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Liaoning Normal University (Approval No.: LL2026038; Approval Date: January 6, 2026). All participants were adults who signed a written informed consent form and provided their informed consent prior to the study. All research methods were conducted in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations.

: Not applicable, as this manuscript does not contain any identifiable individual images, personal details, or clinical information.

: The authors declare no competing interests.