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Authors
Liang, Ian-Ju
Abutheraa, Nouf
Higgins, Cassie
Cameron, Paul
Macfarlane, Gary
Sullivan, Frank
Martin, Kathryn
Donnan, Peter
Cole, Sue
Patwa, Hussein
Smith, Blair H
Colvin, Lesley
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Chief Scientist Office (HIPS/22/18)
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Article History
Received: 13 March 2026
Accepted: 17 June 2026
First Online: 11 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study protocol and procedures were reviewed and approved by the London-Surrey Research Ethics Committee (REC reference: 23/LO/0398). All study activities were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant guidelines for research involving human participants. Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants prior to participation in any part of the study.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
