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Authors
Waldetensai, Abate
Tasew, Geremew
Yewhalaw, Delenasaw
Tekie, Habte
Brhane, Bokretsion G.
Kinde, Solomon
Gemechu, Fekadu
Yirga, Selam
Kinfe, Esayas
Hailemariam, Alemnesh
Tadesse, Henok
Solomon, Hiwot
Assefa, Gudissa
Dilu, Dereje
Bashaye, Seife
Wuletaw, Yonas
Abdulatif, Bedri
Kebede, Tilahun
Tadiwos, Samson
Gebrewold, Gashaw
Hailu, Samuel
Tesfaye, Fitsum
Tollera, Getachew
Hailu, Messay
Guiyun, Yan
Eukubay, Araya
Gebresillassie, Araya
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Health, Ethiopia
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Article History
Received: 2 April 2026
Accepted: 23 June 2026
First Online: 6 July 2026
Declarations
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: The Study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki reporting guidelines, and ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of the Ethiopian Public Health Institute (EPHI-IRB), Ref. No. EPHI 6.4/703. In recognition of varying literacy rates, informed consent was obtained from all participants after explaining the study objectives, benefits, and risks, and the voluntary nature of participation. Participants’ right to decline to participate was respected, and ensured that all data remained confidential and were used exclusively for this scientific investigation.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
