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Authors
Zhang, Baoli
Zhang, Dan
Wu, Qianlan
Xu, Rong
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Jiangsu Provincial Maternal and Child Health Research Project (F202129)
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Article History
Received: 23 January 2026
Accepted: 29 June 2026
First Online: 3 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Suzhou Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University (K-2022-020-K01). And written informed consent was obtained from the parents or legal guardians of all infant participants under the age of 16 included in this study.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
