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Authors
Hashemi, Ladan
Manzur, Hannah
Bunce, Annie
McManus, Sally
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
UK Prevention Research Partnership (Violence, Health and Society; MR-VO49879/1)
UK Prevention Research Partnership (Violence, Health and Society; MR-VO49879/1)
UK Prevention Research Partnership (Violence, Health and Society; MR-VO49879/1)
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Article History
Received: 28 May 2025
Accepted: 6 July 2026
First Online: 9 July 2026
Declarations
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: The secondary analysis study got ethical approval (ETH21220-299) from the International Politics, Music, Journalism, Economics, and English (IPMJEE) Ethical Review Committee at City St George’s University of London that considers medium risk applications. Verbal informed consent was obtained from all participants. The authors assert that all procedures contributing to this work comply with the ethical standards of the relevant national and institutional committees on human experimentation and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2008. Permission to use the data was granted by NHS England.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
