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Authors
Arabshahi, Amin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3191-0918
Namazi, Kimia https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5215-7547
Ahmadi, Maryam https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9815-6382
Gharlipour, Zabihollah https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4018-2438
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Article History
Received: 22 February 2026
Accepted: 10 July 2026
First Online: 18 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Qom University of Medical Sciences (Approval Code: IR.MUQ.REC.1401.210). All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Participation in the study was voluntary. Prior to data collection, the objectives of the study were explained to all participants, and written informed consent was obtained from all participants. All questionnaires were completed anonymously, and the confidentiality of participants’ information was strictly maintained.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
