Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Deng, Zhiwen
Chen, Yuanyuan
Hong, Haijing
Ma, Xu
Gu, Xingbo
Tian, Ye
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (826MS0163)
the Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (826MS0166)
the Startup Foundation for Advanced Talents of Hainan Medical University (XRC202114)
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 2 April 2026
Accepted: 10 July 2026
First Online: 15 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The CHARLS study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at Peking University; the IRB approval number for the main household survey was IRB00001052-11015. For ELSA, ethical approval was obtained separately for each wave used in this study: Wave 4, 07/H0716/48; Wave 5, 09/H0505/124; Wave 6, 11/SC/0374; Wave 7, 13/SC/0532; Wave 8, 15/SC/0526; and Wave 9, 17/SC/0588.All participants in both studies provided written informed consent. All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the relevant institutional and/or national research committees and with the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
