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Authors
Boakye, Anthony Edward https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4017-8351
Adu-Gyamfi, Addae Boateng https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2142-1598
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Article History
Received: 1 June 2026
Accepted: 17 July 2026
First Online: 22 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study received ethical clearance from the University of Cape Coast Institutional Review Board (UCCIRB), Cape Coast, Ghana (Approval No. UCCIRB/CES/2024/203). All procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional review board, relevant national regulations, and the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Prior to participation, written informed consent was obtained from all study participants. Participants were provided with detailed information regarding the study’s purpose, procedures, potential risks and benefits, and their rights, ensuring that participation was voluntary and based on informed decision-making. Confidentiality and anonymity were maintained throughout the study.
Consent for publication: Participants were informed that the research was conducted exclusively for academic purposes and that the results would be published to contribute to the existing body of scholarly literature.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
