Singh, Upasna https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7453-3489
Msimango, Lindani
Gibbs, Andrew
Shozi, Hlengiwe
Osman, Farzana
Sookrajh, Yukteshwar
Drain, Paul K.
Garrett, Nigel
Dorward, Jienchi
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fast-Track Cities Implementation Science grant from the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care
the South African Medical Research Council.
Wellcome Trust PhD Programme for Primary Care Clinicians (216421/Z/19/Z)
Article History
Received: 28 March 2024
Accepted: 30 July 2026
First Online: 6 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval was received from the University of KwaZulu-Natal Biomedical Research Ethics Committee (BE648/17) and the University of Washington Institutional Review Board (STUDY00001466). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants for participation in the main study and separately for the qualitative sub-study.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.