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Authors
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Education Ministry Humanities and Social Sciences Youth Fund (25YJC890048)
Suzhou Sports Bureau Project (TY2025-305)
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Article History
Received: 16 March 2026
Accepted: 27 August 2026
First Online: 1 September 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approvals for the study were secured at the national or regional level, with each country obtaining approval from an ethics review board or an equivalent regulatory body specific to the government, and also approved by the Ethics Committee of Soochow University (SUDA20240626H06). Consent was obtained from participating schools, students, and their guardians. The participant’s legal guardian provided written informed consent to participate in this study. Procedures performed in studies were by the national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Data were collected and analyzed anonymously.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
