Reyniers, Thijs
Fiorentino, Marion
Malama, Magnédina
Babo, Stéphane Alain Yoro
Ouedraogo, Mamadou
Kanta, Ibrahima
Eubanks, August
Rojas, Daniela
Anoma, Camille
Mensah, Ephrem
Keita, Bintou Dembélé
Spire, Bruno
Vuylsteke, Bea
Dah, Ter Tiero Elias
Laurent, Christian
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (VS00624N)
Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le Sida et les Hépatites Virales (12369 & 12393)
Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le Sida et les Hépatites Virales (12369 & 12393)
Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le Sida et les Hépatites Virales (12369 & 12393)
Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le Sida et les Hépatites Virales (12324-B99 & 12369 - B105)
Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le Sida et les Hépatites Virales (12369 & 12393)
Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le Sida et les Hépatites Virales (12369 & 12393)
Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le Sida et les Hépatites Virales (12369 & 12393)
Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le Sida et les Hépatites Virales (12369 & 12393)
Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le Sida et les Hépatites Virales (12369 & 12393)
Expertise France
Sidaction (2021-2-FJC-13012)
Article History
Received: 17 December 2024
Accepted: 28 August 2026
First Online: 10 September 2026
Declarations
Ethical approval and consent to participate: Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to study participation. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. For this study we obtained ethical approval of the Institutional Review Board of the Institute of Tropical Medicine [1279/19], the ethical committee of the ministries of health of Burkina Faso [2019/3/025], Côte d’Ivoire [025 − 19/MSHP/CNESVS-kp], and Togo [21/2018/CBRS], and the University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Mali [2019/09/CE/FMPOS].
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The Institute of Tropical Medicine received fees from ViiV and GSK for advisory board meetings attended by TR. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.