Iwashita, Hiromichi
Kawabata, Yoshinori
Hayashi, Hiroyuki
Matsushita, Shoichiro
Yamashiro, Tsuneo
Matsumura, Mai
Yoshimura, Yukihiro
Kataoka, Toshiaki
Mitsui, Hideaki
Suzuki, Takehisa
Misumi, Toshihiro
Tanaka, Tomonori
Ishijima, Sosuke
Fukuoka, Junya
Iwasawa, Tae
Ogura, Takashi
Okudela, Koji
Funding for this research was provided by:
Smoking Research Foundation (2022G019, 2020G005)
Article History
Received: 29 June 2023
Accepted: 3 October 2023
First Online: 27 October 2023
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The ethics committees of Yokohama City University approved the study protocol with written or verbal informed consent waiver due to the retrospective nature of this study (Approval number: A130926004, approval date: 2013-10-01). Information about the research was made available to research subjects, and we ensured that they had the opportunity to refuse to allow the research to be carried out. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations.
: Not applicable.