Qu, Leilei
Zhao, Wenping
Zhang, Wei
Li, Jiping
Article History
Received: 26 December 2024
Accepted: 21 February 2025
First Online: 17 October 2025
Declarations
:
: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Ethics Committee of the First People’s Hospital of Baiyin City (GS-BY-009). Written informed consent was waived because of the retrospective design and the use of de-identified data.
: Not applicable (no identifying images or personal data requiring individual consent).
: The authors declare no competing interests.