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Article History

Received: 24 October 2024

Accepted: 14 April 2025

First Online: 13 May 2025

Declarations

:

: All NHWS participants read an informed consent statement and provided electronic confirmation of their consent to participate. Respondents who provided consent were assigned a unique code that can only be linked to personal information by a team within Oracle Life Sciences that was not involved in the current study. The NHWS protocols and questionnaires were reviewed and granted an exemption by the Pearl Institutional Review Board (Protocol #20-KANT-228. KN-NHWS-NC20 The 2020 China National Health and Wellness Survey Patient Centered Research Program).

: Not applicable.

: Kefang Lai has received honoraria from AstraZeneca, Chiesi, Circassia, Daiichi Sankyo (China), GSK, Merck & Co., Inc., Shionogi Inc., and Novartis; he has received research funding and other support from AstraZeneca, Chiesi, Circassia, Daiichi Sankyo (China), GSK, Merck & Co., Inc., and Novartis. Vicky W Li and Nate A Way are employees of Oracle Life Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA which received funding to conduct this study from Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, a subsidiary of Merck & Co, Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA. Ashley Martin was an employee of Oracle Life Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA which received funding to conduct this study from Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, a subsidiary of Merck & Co, Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA, at the time of the study. Helen Ding and Eileen Fonseca are employees of Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA and shareholders in Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA. Lin Chen and Kai Xia are employees of MSD China and shareholders in Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA.