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Authors
Gao, Yi
Liang, Binmiao
Su, Xibin
Rao, Wentao
Cheng, Huitong
Fan, Chonghui
Yu, Xinxin
Xie, Yanqing
Shen, Beilan
Du, Jing
Li, Linwei
Liu, Binjian
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Article History
Received: 2 July 2024
Accepted: 28 April 2025
First Online: 10 May 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (2022 No. 165, November 8, 2022) and the Ethics Committee of West China Hospital of Sichuan University (2023 No. 145, January 28, 2023). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants or their legal guardians.
: Not applicable.
: XBS, WTR, HTC, CHF, and BJL were employees of Medcaptain Medical Technology Co., Ltd., but they were not involved in participant enrollment, spirometry measurement, data collection, or results interpretation. YG, BML, XXY, YQX, BLS, JD and LWL declare that they have no competing interests.
