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Authors
Zhang, Ling
Li, Xinran
Wang, Ziyan
Zhao, Lei
Gao, Huixia
Liu, Conghui
Bai, Jing
Liu, Tiejun
Chen, Weibin
Li, Wenqiang
Bai, Jingshan
Fu, Aishuang
Ge, Yanlei
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Article History
Received: 13 February 2025
Accepted: 4 August 2025
First Online: 2 September 2025
Declarations
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: The Institutional Review Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology approved this study. The ethical approval number is 20240930055. The research followed the principles of the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or similar ethical standards. The Institutional Review Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology waived informed consent because of the retrospective nature of our study. Measures were implemented to ensure the confidentiality and anonymity of the data collected via appropriate privacy protection protocols.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
