Huang, Pengfei
Liu, Yanqi
Li, Nana
Zhang, Qianqian
Luo, Yinghao
Zhang, Yuxin
Zhou, Yuxin
Mu, Wenjing
Yuan, Mengyao
Liu, Yuhan
Xin, Yu
Li, Hongxu
Peng, Yahui
Wang, Xibo
Zhao, Mingyan
Yu, Kaijiang
Wang, Changsong
Funding for this research was provided by:
the National Natural Science Foundation of China-Regional Innovation and Development Joint Fund (U20A20366)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.82430069, No.82472198)
Article History
Received: 12 July 2024
Accepted: 11 August 2025
First Online: 3 October 2025
Declarations
:
: The Mendelian randomization utilized publicly available genome-wide association study data, and ethical clearance and informed consent were provided in the initial study. The clinical trial was carried out at the Department of Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, China, and was approved by the Ethics Committee of The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University under the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from patients or their authorized representatives. The study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2300075450).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.