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Authors
Ueda, Takahiro
Nakai, Toshiyuki
Tanaka, Sayaka
Nagamine, Hiroaki
Miyamoto, Atsushi
Nishimura, Misako
Matsumoto, Yoshiya
Sato, Kanako
Yamada, Kazuhiro
Watanabe, Tetsuya
Asai, Kazuhisa
Matsumoto, Yuji
Mikami, Yu
Kawaguchi, Tomoya
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Article History
Received: 10 June 2025
Accepted: 10 October 2025
First Online: 10 December 2025
Declarations
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: The study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki (revised 2013) and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Osaka Metropolitan University Hospital (protocol no. 2024 − 155). Written informed consent for the procedure was obtained from all patients before undergoing semi-rigid pleuroscopy.
: Not applicable.
: Toshiyuki Nakai reports personal fees from Olympus Corporation and Amco Incorporated and, outside the submitted work. The other authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
