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Authors
Li, Yanqiu
Song, Shuang-Shuang
Ruan, Hang
Gong, Cancan
Chen, Yingjie
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Article History
Received: 30 August 2024
Accepted: 1 December 2025
First Online: 17 December 2025
Declarations
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: The study was conducted in compliance with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki, and all protocols were approved by the Ethics Review Committee of Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital (2024 − 1181). Given the retrospective nature of the research, informed consent was deemed unnecessary after review by the ethics committee.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
